opportunities and challenges
first, i www.taixiivf.comore good effects brought to us by the olympic games that cannot be seen directly. for example, more and more people www.taixiivf.comany advances, could you even imagine us losing the holding rights?
i've already said a lot about the olympics and china. but i think everyone should use some time to think of this question, “does the olympic games have any special meaning to you?”
for us, i mean the chinese youth, 201* olympic games is a tremendous gift. because www.taixiivf.comine is to be a “comforter” ----that is someone www.taixiivf.comuskie then just be a bass--
如果你不是大梭魚就做一尾鱸魚吧,
but the liveliest bass in the lake!
但要做湖里最活潑的小鱸魚!
www.taixiivf.coman life is inseparable from its 1:15 activities, www.taixiivf.comotherland is our roots, our source. no homeland, www.taixiivf.comore www.taixiivf.comakes study easy and happy. students develop good learning habits and get benefits through group competition. cooperative learning www.taixiivf.comen, living and dead, www.taixiivf.comaining before us, ----that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion, ----that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, ----that this nation, under god, shall have a new birth of freedom, ----and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.
其實(shí),我們中學(xué)生練習(xí)寫演講稿,可以短些,從4~5分鐘,500~600個(gè)詞,圍繞一個(gè)主題開始練習(xí)。
3.英語演講稿的基本組成部分
從大的方面看,英語演講詞實(shí)際上是屬于一種特殊的說明文或議論文,其基本組成部分是:
1)開始時(shí)對聽眾的稱呼語
最常用的是 ladies and gentlemen,也可根據(jù)不同情況,選用 fellow students, distinguished guests, mr chairman, honorable judges(評委)等等。
2)提出論題
由于演講的時(shí)間限制,必須開門見山,提出論題。提出論題的方法有各種各樣,但最生動,最能引起注意的是用舉例法。比如:你要呼吁大家關(guān)心貧窮地區(qū)的孩子,你可以用親眼看到的或者收集到的那些貧窮孩子多么需要幫助的實(shí)例開始。另外,用具體的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)也是一個(gè)有效的引出論題的方法,比如:你要談遵守交通規(guī)則的話題,你可以從舉一系列有關(guān)車輛、車禍等的數(shù)據(jù)開始。
3)論證
對提出的論題,不可主觀地妄下結(jié)論,而要進(jìn)行客觀的論證。這是演講中最需要下功夫的部分。關(guān)鍵是要把道理講清楚。常見的論證方法有舉例法、因果法、對比法等等,可參見英語議論文的有關(guān)章節(jié)。
4)結(jié)論
結(jié)論要簡明扼要,以給聽眾留下深刻印象。
5)結(jié)尾
結(jié)尾要簡潔,不要拉拉扯扯,說個(gè)沒完。特別是不要受漢語影響,說些類似“準(zhǔn)備不足,請諒解”,“請批評指正”這樣的廢話。最普通的結(jié)尾就是:thank you very much for your attention。
4.英語演講稿的語言特征
1)多用實(shí)詞,多用短句,少用結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜的長句
在英語演講中,and, but, so, then 等虛詞要盡量少用,that, which 等詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句也只會使句子結(jié)構(gòu)變得復(fù)雜,而使聽眾難以跟上演講者的思路,從而影響演講的效果。相反,多使用實(shí)詞,短句,可使得演講內(nèi)容更清晰,氣勢更磅礴。
2)演講要注意使用各種修辭手法,增加演講的感染力和氣勢。英語演講中常用的修辭手法有:漸進(jìn)(climax)、對照(antithesis)、排比(parallelism)、警句(epigram)等等,例如:
that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.(排比)
這個(gè)民有、民治、民享的國家將不會從地球上消失。
united, there is little we can not do; divided, there is little we can do.(對照)
團(tuán)結(jié),我們便將無所不能;~,我們則會一事無成。
let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. (對照和漸進(jìn))
讓世界各國都知道,無論對我們懷有好感與敵意,我們將付出任何代價(jià),肩負(fù)任何重任,面對任何
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