高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)筆記總結(jié)
高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)筆記總結(jié)
定語(yǔ)從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的修飾名詞或代詞的從句,是一種形容詞性的從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。
1.關(guān)系代詞:whowhomwhosewhichthat
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)從句,代替先行詞,在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分,如:主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等,所以在作主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。
who----可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用who,who作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)是非正式Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.whom---作賓語(yǔ)(正式用法),在介詞后只能用whom
人ThisisthemanwhomImetinthestreetyesterday.(正式用法)ThisisthemanwhoImetinthestreetyesterday.(非正式用法)
whosewho的屬格形式,用來(lái)指人,也可以用來(lái)指物
that---可代替who,whom
Which----可作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)
物eg.Thewatchwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.eg.Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh
that-------可作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)
eg.TheletterthatIreceivewasfrommyfather.
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以把介詞提前,也可以不提前,但是在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定搭配中,介詞只能放在原來(lái)的位置
eg.Thisistheteacherwhomheworkedwith.
Thisistheteacherwithwhomheworked.eg.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.Thisisthebookwhichyouaskedfor.
eg.Thisisthepenwhichhehasbeenlookingfor.(lookfor詞組中for不能
提前)
先行詞是人時(shí),常用who而不用that的情況:
a.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),多用who,
eg.Iwillpardonhimwhoishonest.
b.先行詞為alloneonesanyonethose等時(shí),
eg.Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.c.在以therebe開(kāi)頭的句子中,
eg.Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.d.當(dāng)先行詞后有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),
eg.HemetaboyinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldspeakEnglishfluently.
先行詞指物的特殊情況:
1.必須用that的情況:
用心愛(ài)心專(zhuān)心117號(hào)編輯1
a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),
eg.ThisisthefirstjobthatIhavetakenup.
ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveeverread.
b.先行詞是不定代詞,somethingsomebodynothinganything等或是all
littlemuch時(shí),
eg.ThereissomethingthatIwanttotellyou.
c.先行詞被allanyeveryeachfewlittlenosomemuchonlynone
botheitherneither等修飾時(shí),
eg.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.d.先行詞被theonly,thelast,thevery修飾時(shí),
eg.Thisistheonlymethodwecanuse.e.先行詞又有人又有物時(shí),
eg.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyknowintheschool.f.主句以who或which開(kāi)頭時(shí),
eg.Whoistheoldmanthatspeaktoyoujustnow?g.先行詞指物時(shí),且在Therebe句型引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,
eg.Thereisahousethathasthreewindows.h.關(guān)系代詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),
eg.Chinaisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.2.必須用which的情況:a.個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,
b.句子末尾的介詞提前時(shí),只能用which,c.關(guān)系代詞后有插入語(yǔ)時(shí),
eg.Thisisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpyoutoimproveyourEnglish.
(這就是我跟你說(shuō)過(guò)的,能幫你學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的那本書(shū)。)
關(guān)于as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,as可以在限制性或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)
1.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,as多和such,thesame連用,
eg.HetoldmehisexperiencesuchadIhadneverhadbefore.Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.
2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,as所指的是它前面的整個(gè)主句,
eg.TomwasadmittedintotheUniversity,aswehadhoped.
as和which在代替主語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別:
a.as可以提到句首,但是which不可以,
b.as有“正如,就像”的意思,但是which沒(méi)有
用心愛(ài)心專(zhuān)心117號(hào)編輯2
擴(kuò)展閱讀:高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)筆記總結(jié)
高一英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)筆記總結(jié)
定語(yǔ)從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的修飾名詞或代詞的從句,是一種形容詞性的從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。
1.關(guān)系代詞:whowhomwhosewhichthat
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)從句,代替先行詞,在從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分,如:主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等,所以在作主語(yǔ)時(shí),動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要和先行詞的數(shù)保持一致。
who----可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ),作主語(yǔ)時(shí),只能用who,who作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)是非正式Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.whom---作賓語(yǔ)(正式用法),在介詞后只能用whom
人ThisisthemanwhomImetinthestreetyesterday.(正式用法)ThisisthemanwhoImetinthestreetyesterday.(非正式用法)
whosewho的屬格形式,用來(lái)指人,也可以用來(lái)指物
that---可代替who,whom
Which----可作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)
物eg.Thewatchwhichwaslosthasbeenfound.eg.Thefish(which)weboughtwerenotfresh
that-------可作主語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)
eg.TheletterthatIreceivewasfrommyfather.
當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)時(shí),可以把介詞提前,也可以不提前,但是在含有介詞的動(dòng)詞固定搭配中,介詞只能放在原來(lái)的位置
eg.Thisistheteacherwhomheworkedwith.
Thisistheteacherwithwhomheworked.eg.Thisisthebookforwhichyouasked.Thisisthebookwhichyouaskedfor.
eg.Thisisthepenwhichhehasbeenlookingfor.(lookfor詞組中for不能
提前)
先行詞是人時(shí),常用who而不用that的情況:
a.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),多用who,
eg.Iwillpardonhimwhoishonest.
b.先行詞為alloneonesanyonethose等時(shí),
eg.Allwhoheardthenewswereexcited.c.在以therebe開(kāi)頭的句子中,
eg.Thereisagirlwhowantstoseeyou.d.當(dāng)先行詞后有較長(zhǎng)的修飾語(yǔ)時(shí),
eg.HemetaboyinthestreetyesterdaywhocouldspeakEnglishfluently.
先行詞指物的特殊情況:
1.必須用that的情況:
用心愛(ài)心專(zhuān)心117號(hào)編輯1
a.先行詞被序數(shù)詞、形容詞的最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),
eg.ThisisthefirstjobthatIhavetakenup.
ThisisthemostinterestingnovelthatIhaveeverread.
b.先行詞是不定代詞,somethingsomebodynothinganything等或是all
littlemuch時(shí),
eg.ThereissomethingthatIwanttotellyou.
c.先行詞被allanyeveryeachfewlittlenosomemuchonlynone
botheitherneither等修飾時(shí),
eg.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyoulentme.d.先行詞被theonly,thelast,thevery修飾時(shí),
eg.Thisistheonlymethodwecanuse.e.先行詞又有人又有物時(shí),
eg.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersonsthattheyknowintheschool.f.主句以who或which開(kāi)頭時(shí),
eg.Whoistheoldmanthatspeaktoyoujustnow?g.先行詞指物時(shí),且在Therebe句型引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中,
eg.Thereisahousethathasthreewindows.h.關(guān)系代詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí),
eg.Chinaisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.2.必須用which的情況:a.個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,
b.句子末尾的介詞提前時(shí),只能用which,c.關(guān)系代詞后有插入語(yǔ)時(shí),
eg.Thisisthebookwhich,asIhavetoldyou,willhelpyoutoimproveyourEnglish.
(這就是我跟你說(shuō)過(guò)的,能幫你學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的那本書(shū)。)
關(guān)于as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,as可以在限制性或非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)
1.在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,as多和such,thesame連用,
eg.HetoldmehisexperiencesuchadIhadneverhadbefore.Ishouldliketousethesametoolasisusedhere.
2.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中,as所指的是它前面的整個(gè)主句,
eg.TomwasadmittedintotheUniversity,aswehadhoped.
as和which在代替主語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別:
a.as可以提到句首,但是which不可以,
b.as有“正如,就像”的意思,但是which沒(méi)有
用心愛(ài)心專(zhuān)心117號(hào)編輯2
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