中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)概述

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)概述

201*年的中考即將來(lái)臨，針對(duì)沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)最近幾年的中考的考試大綱和試題發(fā)展趨勢(shì)以及英語(yǔ)學(xué)科的知識(shí)體系構(gòu)成特點(diǎn)，簡(jiǎn)單總結(jié)中考英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)體系概要，對(duì)初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法的知識(shí)點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單分析和概述，提供給英語(yǔ)教師教學(xué)和學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)方向，參考使用。

讓我們大致把中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法體系可以分為三大部分，即詞法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)和復(fù)合句。

（一）、詞法包括各類(lèi)詞的用法的基本規(guī)律。具體包含名詞、代詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞和副詞、動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞等。

關(guān)于名詞，近幾年全國(guó)各地中考主要考查名詞的詞義辨析和名詞所有格的用法，其中對(duì)名詞詞義辨析的考查是中考的熱點(diǎn)，此外，名詞的復(fù)數(shù)變化也是各地中考的熱點(diǎn)之一。具體說(shuō)來(lái)，在教師講解名詞這一塊知識(shí)的時(shí)候，重點(diǎn)要放在名詞的可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)變化和用法還有名詞所有格上面，因?yàn)檫@里一是考查熱點(diǎn)，二是比較成系統(tǒng)易總結(jié)歸納掌握。1、名詞的可數(shù)和不可數(shù)分類(lèi)

2、可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則和不規(guī)則變化3、名詞所有格的兩種形式和用法

關(guān)于代詞，近幾年中考對(duì)代詞的考查內(nèi)容有：一是考查不定代詞；二是考查代詞的各種格式的形式和用法；其中關(guān)于不定代詞、名詞性物主代詞和形容性物主代詞用法上的區(qū)別是近幾年中考代詞的考查熱點(diǎn)，預(yù)計(jì)今后依然會(huì)圍繞集中在這一方面。

1、人稱(chēng)代詞2、不定代詞3、指示代詞4、疑問(wèn)代詞

關(guān)于冠詞，近幾年中考對(duì)比的考查重點(diǎn)是定冠詞、不定冠詞和零冠詞的用法。以單項(xiàng)你選擇和完形填空等形式出現(xiàn)，主要在具體語(yǔ)境中考查冠詞的基本用法。分值大約在23分。1、冠詞的分類(lèi)

2、定冠詞的特別用法3、不定冠詞的特別用法4、零冠詞的用法關(guān)于數(shù)詞，近五年中考對(duì)數(shù)詞的考查重點(diǎn)是：基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和用法；分?jǐn)?shù)的表示方法及日常交際常見(jiàn)的數(shù)詞的用法。對(duì)數(shù)詞的考查以單項(xiàng)選擇、詞匯題或完形填空等形式出現(xiàn)，分值為23分。1、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成及規(guī)律2、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成和規(guī)律3、分?jǐn)?shù)的表示方法

4、數(shù)詞的其他特定用法

關(guān)于介詞，是歷年來(lái)中考考題中不可缺少的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。主要以單項(xiàng)選擇和完形填空的形式出現(xiàn)。重點(diǎn)考查表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)和方位的介詞，同時(shí)注重考查常見(jiàn)的介詞短語(yǔ)。

1、表示時(shí)間的介詞2、表示地點(diǎn)的介詞3、表示方位的介詞4、常用固定介詞短語(yǔ)

關(guān)于連詞，連詞分為并列連詞和從屬連詞。對(duì)連詞的考查各地中考試題中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)，考查內(nèi)容有對(duì)并列連詞的考查側(cè)重對(duì)語(yǔ)境的正確理解；對(duì)從屬連詞的考查重在和從句的聯(lián)系。近年考點(diǎn)多在對(duì)語(yǔ)言環(huán)境下連詞的運(yùn)用。1、并列連詞2、從屬連詞

3、特殊連詞的特殊用法及區(qū)別

關(guān)于形容詞和副詞，近幾年中考對(duì)形容詞的考查重點(diǎn)在于形容詞比較級(jí)以及形容詞的近義、同義上的比較，選擇，以單選、所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，句式轉(zhuǎn)換和完形填空的形式出現(xiàn)，所占分值約為37分。可謂重點(diǎn)地位。

近年對(duì)副詞的考點(diǎn)是副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的用法；副詞詞義辨析，形容詞和副詞的對(duì)比辨析。出題形式同形容詞的考查。

特別提示，沈陽(yáng)地區(qū)對(duì)形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)比較也是經(jīng)�？疾榈闹攸c(diǎn)。1、形容詞和副詞的基本含義和用法及對(duì)比區(qū)別2、形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)比較3、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)用法4、形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)用法

關(guān)于動(dòng)詞，動(dòng)詞是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的核心，是靈魂。中考對(duì)動(dòng)詞的考查主要在動(dòng)詞詞義的辨析；動(dòng)詞詞組和固定搭配；時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的考查；此外，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法會(huì)單獨(dú)考查，且為必考項(xiàng)目。1、動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)及基本用法2、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)3、動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

4、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法5、系動(dòng)詞的用法6、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

7、動(dòng)詞詞義辨析

關(guān)于非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，初中階段考查的只是基本的用法。預(yù)計(jì)今后的考查會(huì)加強(qiáng)對(duì)這一部分的考查。從近幾年的考題上分析，非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查從不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)；固定搭配；再到ING形式作賓語(yǔ)，到分詞的用法，范圍呈逐漸擴(kuò)大之勢(shì)，但試題的難度短期內(nèi)將會(huì)有所控制。1、動(dòng)詞不定式的用法

2、ING形式的用法（動(dòng)名詞的用法）3、分詞的用法

（二）、常用句子結(jié)構(gòu)包括六個(gè)句式結(jié)構(gòu)，即主謂一致；反義疑問(wèn)句；并列句；感嘆句、THEREBE句式和倒裝句六種。

關(guān)于主謂一致，中考對(duì)主謂一致的考查主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)的考查上，考查題型主要以單項(xiàng)選擇為主，分值一般在23分左右，考點(diǎn)集中在就近原則和就遠(yuǎn)原則上面。1、形式一致原則2、意義一致原則

3、就近原則與就遠(yuǎn)原則

關(guān)于問(wèn)句，中考主要考查特殊疑問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)詞的用法及反義疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的確定；反義疑問(wèn)句的回答，這部分是一直是個(gè)考查的重點(diǎn)。這部分側(cè)重學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用能力的考查。

1、反義疑問(wèn)句的基本原則2、反義疑問(wèn)句主語(yǔ)的確定3、反義疑問(wèn)句謂語(yǔ)的確定4、反義疑問(wèn)句的回答

關(guān)于并列句，這一部分和連詞的并列連詞的用法是交叉的。中考對(duì)并列句的考查主要集中在連詞的選擇上。

關(guān)于感嘆句，中考重點(diǎn)考查WHAT和HOW引導(dǎo)的兩種句式。

關(guān)于THEREBE句式，是幾大句式當(dāng)中最簡(jiǎn)單的一種，中考直接考查的機(jī)會(huì)不大，即使考查難度也不高，只要注意一下在將來(lái)時(shí)中的用法就可以了。

關(guān)于倒裝句式，主要分為半倒裝和全倒裝，而中考重點(diǎn)會(huì)放在半倒裝的考查上面。近年來(lái)對(duì)這一部分的考查主要和主謂一致作為一個(gè)考查部分，一直都是以考查主謂一致為主，倒裝句為輔。1、SO引導(dǎo)的半倒裝

2、NEITHER/NOR引導(dǎo)的半倒裝

（三）、復(fù)合句部分包括三大從句：賓語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句三種。復(fù)合句是中考的必考內(nèi)容，也是整個(gè)中考語(yǔ)法考查中的重難點(diǎn)。

關(guān)于賓語(yǔ)從句是中考從句考查中的重點(diǎn)，也是初中階段的重點(diǎn)講解內(nèi)容。歷年中考對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的考查一直是必考內(nèi)容，主要考點(diǎn)在于賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)的綜合考查。主要題型分布在單選、完形和綜合閱讀里面。、1、賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞2、賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序3、賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)

4、賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移5、賓語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化

6、WHEN和IF在賓語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句中的運(yùn)用區(qū)別注意

關(guān)于定語(yǔ)從句，中考對(duì)于定語(yǔ)從句的考查一直都是考查最基本的用法，難點(diǎn)的考查會(huì)放在高中階段，與賓語(yǔ)從句一起定語(yǔ)從句一直也是中考必考的題型，所占分值大約在4分左右，主要出現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇、完形填空和綜合閱讀里面的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換。

1、定語(yǔ)從句的構(gòu)成和含義2、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句3、關(guān)系代詞THAT的特殊用法4、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句

5、關(guān)系副詞與關(guān)系代詞的轉(zhuǎn)換運(yùn)用

關(guān)于狀語(yǔ)從句，與賓語(yǔ)從句一起狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)歷年中考的重點(diǎn)考查項(xiàng)目，主要考查從屬連詞的選擇用法。這一部分知識(shí)和其他部分知識(shí)有很多交叉運(yùn)用，初中階段習(xí)慣上不做狀語(yǔ)從句系統(tǒng)講解，只是在學(xué)習(xí)其他知識(shí)時(shí)做滲透或是做固定結(jié)構(gòu)掌握。高中階段會(huì)做詳細(xì)分析講解。1、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句3、目的狀語(yǔ)從句4、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句5、條件狀語(yǔ)從句6、原因狀語(yǔ)從句7、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句8、方式狀語(yǔ)從句

綜上所述，所有中考所涉獵的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目都在其中，具體細(xì)節(jié)請(qǐng)參閱相關(guān)參考書(shū)。

擴(kuò)展閱讀：中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)

中考語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)（非常重要）：

一．冠詞

1.anumbrella,anuncle,anunpleasanttrip,anunusualboy,anuglygirl,anMP32.auniform,auniversity,aunit,aUFO,ausefulbook,aEuropeancountry3.anhour,anhonestboy

4.an“a”(e,f,h,i,l,m,n,o,r,s,x),a“b”(c,d,g,j,k,p,q,t,u,v,w,y,z)5.aone-year-oldbaby,aneight-year-oldboy,aneleven-year-oldgirl6.Children’sDay,MayDay,theSpringFestival

7.IlostthebookIboughtlastweek.Isitablackone?8.DoyouknowtheboynexttoMary/themaninwhite?二．名詞

1.名詞單復(fù)數(shù):manysheep,afewdeer,severalJapanese,threeChinese,ninefish

afewgeese,twomice,somechildren,tenfeet,fiveteeth

radios,photos,pianos,zoos;potatoes,tomatoes,heroes,Negroes

2.名詞所有格:TomandMary’sfather,Tom’sandMary’sfathers

thekeytothedoor,theanswertothequestion,thetickettotheconcertTeachers’Day,Mother’sDay,Women’sDay

tenminutes’walk,afive-dayholiday=fivedays’holiday,havefivedaysoff

3.不可數(shù)名詞:weather、news、information、advice、music、fun、room(空間)、work(cf:amessage,Helikesreadingnewspapers)

Thereisanorangeonthetable.twobottlesoforangeanorangedress4.名詞作定語(yǔ):shoeshops,girlstudents,womendoctors,mennurses,sportsshoes5.threeEnglishmen/Frenchmen,afewGermans,manyAmericans6.apieceofbreadaboxoforangesapairofshoesfourpiecesofbreadtwoboxesoforangesfivepairsofshoes7.twopeople,threepolice,manyclothes,apairoftrousers三．?dāng)?shù)詞:

1.thousandsof,threethousand,hundredsof,fourhundred,millionsof,sixmillion2.onefifth,twothirds,threequarters,

3.first,second,third,twelfth,twentieth,nine-nineteen-ninety-ninthfour-fourth-fourteen-forty-fortieth4.inthe1860s/1860’s(19世紀(jì)60年代),inherforties

5.BusNo.112,thesecondlesson,LessonTwo;Room308,thetwenty-firstcentury6.anothertwoboys=twomoreboys7.attheageoftwelve/fifteen

8.twohoursandahalf=twoandahalfhours四．代詞

1.人稱(chēng)代詞:his,hers,mine:Hiswatchisnew.Itisn’this.afriendofmine/hers/LiMing’sThebookbelongstohim.=Thebookishis.

2.疑問(wèn)代詞:howsoon---in;howoften---seldom,twiceamonth,everyday,everyfouryears

howlong---(for)amonth/since1998

howfar---tenkilometers（awayfrom）,tenminutes’walk/drive,fiveminutesonfoot

3.whattodo;howtodoit4.what沒(méi)范圍,which有范圍

Myfather’sbirthdayiscoming.Idon’tknowwhattobuyforhim.Therearemanykindsofcamerashere.Idon’tknowwhichtobuy.5.all/both/none/neither/any/either的區(qū)別:

Bothofthetwinsareteachers,butneitherofthemlikesteaching.AllofthedoctorshavetolearnFrench,butnoneofthemlikesit.

Therearemanytalltreesonbothsides/eitherside/eachsideoftheroad/river.other,theother,others,theothers,another:some…others,(two)one…theotherTheshoesarenice,Iwanttobuyanotherpair.

6.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthanthatinDongguan.

ThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanthatofJapan.

ThestudentsinDongguanisbetterthanthose/theonesinBeijing.7.Wefound/thoughtit(was)interestingtolearnEnglish.

8.肯定：alittlemoneyafewsheep否定：littlewaterfewstudents

9.Therearesomepeopleintheroom.Therearen’tanystudentsintheclassroom.

Wouldyoulikesomebread?ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.10.somethingspecialnothingserious

11.enjoyoneselfhelponeselftodressoneselfsaytooneselfallbyoneselflookafteroneselflearnsthbyoneself=teachoneselfsthcometooneself五．介詞

1.befriendlyto,makefriendswithsb,bestrictwithsb.,befullof,befilledwith2.inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheeveningatnight

onacoldmorningonahotafternoonontheeveningofJune22onthenightofMay1st3.Itlooksniceonyou.awomanwithglasses,4.It’snice/kind/stupid/wrongofyoutosayso.

It’snecessary/importantforustoremembermorewords.

5.JapanistotheeastofChina.TaiwanisinthesoutheastofChina.GuangxiisonthewestofGuangdong.

6.walkacrossthebridge/street=crossthebridge/street;swimacrosstheriver,sailacrossthePacific

gothroughthetrafficlights/forest/jungle/city/park/villagegopastthebank=passthebank

7.AllthestudentswenttotheparkexceptJohn,becausehewasill.

Ineed2morestudentsbesidesJohntodothework.8.intwoweeks(跟一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用)

9.bycar=inone’scarbybus/bike=onthebus/bike六．形容詞和副詞

1.Anelephantis(very,quite,so,too)big.

2.Afriendofmineisasheavyasme.Heisnotso/astallasher.

3.much+比較級(jí),muchmore+原形:Heismuchfatterthather.Heismuchmoreconfidentthanher.4.一些特殊的句型：

1）Jimisthetallerofthetwo(boys).

2）Ourschoolismuch(far/still/even/alot/alittle)morebeautifulthanyours.3）Theearlier,thebetter.

4）Whensummercomes,theweathergetshotterandhotter.

5）Ifyoudosportseveryday,youwillbecomehealthierandhealthier.6）TodayEnglishisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.

7）Heis2kilosheavierthanI.

8）Parisisoneoftheliveliestcitiesintheworld.

10).TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.5.Heiscarefulenough.Hedoeseverythingcarefully.

6.thepoor,theold,therich,thedead,theyoung:Theyoungarealwaysenergetic.7.Wearesurprisedtohearthesurprisingnews.七．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:

1.MustIhandinmyhomeworknow?Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.2.---MayIsmokehere?---Yes,youcan/may./No,youcan’t/mustn’t.2.Iamnotsure.Itmay/might/couldbelongtoher.3.must:交通規(guī)矩，規(guī)章制度；表肯定猜測(cè)“一定”4.can’t:表猜測(cè)“肯定不是”：Theladyovertherecan’tbeourteacher.ShehasgonetoShanghai.八．連詞：

1.although/though不能與but連用（轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系）2.because不能與so連用（因果關(guān)系）3.Getupatonce,oryouwillbelateforclass.

4.Wewillgoonapicnicifitdoesn’train.=Wewillgoonapicnicunlessitrains.5.Iwon’tleaveuntilmymothercomesback.6.IwilltellhimassoonasIseehim.

7.Heissocleverthathecanworkoutthisproblem.

=Heissuchacleverboythathecanworkouttheproblem.8.Ilikedancingwhilemysisterlikesdoingsports.9.Youshoulddoastheteachertoldyou.九．被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1.Someonetoldmeaboutthis.---Iwasn’ttoldaboutthis.

2.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpolitely.---Theoldshouldbespokentopolitely.

3.Someonetookhertothehospitalintime.---Shewastakentothehospitalintime.4.bemade/heard/seen/watchedtodo

5.Thiskindofbookssellswellandtheywillbesoldoutsoon.

6.沒(méi)有被動(dòng)：happen,takeplace,comeout，cometrue,belongto,系動(dòng)詞十.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1.強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響(already,ever,never,before,just,yet)

Hehasjustarrived.(Heisherenow.)

2.強(qiáng)調(diào)一直在做的動(dòng)作（howlong,for,since,sofar,inthepast/lastfewyears,overtheyears）buyhaveborrowkeepdie---bedeadopenbeopenclosebeclosedbeginbeonfinishbeovercome---beinleavebeawayfromIborrowedthebooklastweek.---Ihavekeptthebooksincelastweek.

Hisgrandfatherdiedtwoyearsago.---Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadfortwoyears.Themoviebeganfiveminutesago.---Themoviehasbeenonforfiveminutes.十一.主將從現(xiàn):(若主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表將來(lái))。

主句（將來(lái)）+if/unless/assoonas/until/when/before/after+句子（現(xiàn)在）1.Iwon’tgotobedunlessmyhomeworkisfinished.2.Wewillmakeprogressifwestudyhard.3.Iwillcallyouassoonashearrives.

十二.感嘆句

1.Whatanexcitingfootballgamewewatched!=Howexcitingthefootballgamewas!2.Whatexpensivehousestheyare!=Howexpensivethehousesare!3.Whatbeautifulmusic!=Howbeautifulthemusicis!

Whatimportantinformation!Whatgoodweather/advice/newsitis!Whathardworkitis!4.Howfunnythestoryis!Howcarefullyheworks!十三.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

1.tell/asksb.(not)todo,

2.see/watch/hearsbdo,see/watch/hearsbdoing3.makesb.(not)do；letsb.do

4.havesth.done:Mycomputerisbroken.Iwanttohaveitrepaired.5.you’dbetterdo/notdo:You’dbetternotlaughatothers.6.whynotdosth.?=whydon’tyoudo…?7.Would/Couldyouplease(not)dosth?

8.practice/enjoy/keep/consider/finish/mind/spend+doing

9.lookforwardto/payattentionto/getusedto/prefer…to+doing10.stop/keep/pretendsbfromdoing(阻止某人去做某事)11.bebusydoing,can’thelp/stopdoing(忍不住做某事)12.while/before/after+doing13.介詞+doing十四.定語(yǔ)從句先行詞關(guān)系代詞或副詞人who(主\\賓)，whom(賓)，whose（“誰(shuí)的”），that物which,that只用that：①all,anything,everything,something②thefirst,theninth,thebest,themostexpensive③theonly,thevery④thepersonandthething地點(diǎn)作狀語(yǔ)where時(shí)間作狀語(yǔ)when原因(thereason)why1.Thisistheplacewherehewasborn.2.Ican’tforgetthedayswhenwestudiedtogether.3.Thisistheplacethat/whichhevisited.4.Ican’tforgetthedaysthat/whichwespenttogether.5.Doyouknowthereasonwhyhewaslate?6.Theteacheristalkingwiththemanwhosesonwaslate.十五.therebe:Therewillbe,thereisgoingtobe,Thereusedtobe,Thereissbdoing,isn’tthere?十六.賓語(yǔ)從句:

1.陳述句語(yǔ)序Idon’tknowwhathedidyesterday.

2.時(shí)態(tài)（注意真理）例外：Idon’tknowhowIcangettothebank.Ididn’tknowwherehelived.3.Couldyoutellmewhenshewillarrive?(婉轉(zhuǎn)語(yǔ)氣)4.連接詞：that,if/whether(ornot),what/how/which…

5.Idon’tknowwhathappenedtohim./whobrokethewindow/what’swrongwithhim.6.Idon’tknowifhewillcome.Ifhecomes,Iwillcallyou.

Idon’tknowwhenhewillarrive.Whenhearrives,Iwillcallyou.十七.反意疑問(wèn)句(前肯后否，前否后肯)，根據(jù)事實(shí)回答。

1.Let’sgoboating,shallwe?Letusgoboating,willyou?

2.Passmesomesalt,willyou?Don’tplayinthestreet,willyou?Sorry,Iwon’t.3.Theguestshavetogo,don’tthey?Hehasacar,doesn’the?

Theyhadlunchjustnow,didn’tthey?Youhaveacold,don’tyou?

Shehasbeentherebefore,hasn’tshe?Youhaveneverseenthemovie,haveyou?4.He’sreadmanybookswrittenbyLuxun,hasn’the?He’sfriendly,isn’the?

5.Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday,didhe?---Yes,hedid,thoughhewasbadlyill.

---No,hedidn’t,becausehewasillinhospital.6.否定詞：seldom,hardly,few,little,never,nothing,nobody,no,not,none十八.連系動(dòng)詞

1.be動(dòng)詞，五個(gè)感官動(dòng)詞（feel,taste,look,sound,smell），三個(gè)變（become,get,turn）

兩個(gè)保持（keep，stay），seem2.系動(dòng)詞+形容詞

3.沒(méi)有被動(dòng)：Thefoodtastesbad.

4.一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)Themusicsoundsgood.

5.Thestudentslookcareful.Theyarelookingatthepicturescarefully.十九.主謂一致：

1.就近原則：NeitherhenorIhavebeentotheUSA.EithersheorIamgoingtostudyabroad.

Notonlyhisparentsbutalsohissisterisanengineer.

Therearesomepeopleandadogonthebeach.Thereisadogandsomepeopleonthebeach.Thereareanumberofsheeponthefarm.Thereisalittlesheeponthefarm.2.就遠(yuǎn)原則:with/togetherwith/besides/except/but(除…之外)/aswellas/including…Theteachertogetherwithhisstudents,doessportseveryday.JackaswellashisparentshasbeentoChinabefore.

3.金錢(qián)、距離、時(shí)間表單數(shù)：100dollars/Tenkilometers/Tenhoursisnotenough.4.anumberof…=many…+V復(fù)Anumberofstudentsareplaying.

Thenumberof…+V單Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis58.

5.不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Everythinggoeswell.Someoneislookingforyou.6.Twothirdsofworkwasfinishedbyhim.TwothirdsofstudentsarefromDongguan.7.Eatingmorevegetablesisgoodforourhealth.8.Thispairofshoesischeap.Iwanttotrythemon.

9.oneof+adj.最高級(jí)+n復(fù)+V單OneofthetallestboysinourclassisJim.二十.交際

1.Wouldyoumindmysittingbesideyou?

不介意：No,ofcoursenot./Certainlynot/Notatall.介意：Sorry,but…/you’dbetternot.

2.回答sorry：Nevermind./itdoesn’tmatter./Notatall./That’sallright.3.回答thankyou：It’smypleasure./You’rewelcome./That’sallright.4.That’sright.那是對(duì)的。Allright.好吧。You’reright.你是對(duì)的。That’sallright.別人表歉意或謝意時(shí)可以用，意為"沒(méi)關(guān)系"或"不用謝"

5.Haveaniceweekend!---Thesametoyou!Haveanicetrip.---Thankyou.6.Whataboutgoingtothemovietonight?---Goodidea./Allright./Thatsoundsgreat.7.IgotfirstprizeintheEnglishcompetition.---Congratulations!二十一.辨別：

1.bemadeof/bemadefrom/bemadebysb./bemadein+地點(diǎn)

bemadeof由…制成(可看出原材料)Thecoatismadeofsilk.Thedeskismadeofwood.bemadefrom由…制成(不能看出原材料)Paperismadefrombamboo.2.sometimes有時(shí)sometime某時(shí)

sometimes幾次sometime一段時(shí)間

4.so(否定：neither)+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)…也是，…也一樣so(否定：neither)+主語(yǔ)+be/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞…確實(shí)如此5.succeed(v.),successful(adj.),success(n.)

6.die(v.),dead(adj.),death(n.):Hehasbeendeadfortenyears.7.ill/sick:Sheisill/sick.asickman

8.sothat/suchthat句型（somanypeople,sointerestingaboy=suchaninterestingboy）9.usedtodo過(guò)去常常做某事be/getusedtodoing習(xí)慣做某事beusedtodo/fordoing被用來(lái)做beusedas被用作…

10.It/Sthtakessbtodo花時(shí)間;Sthcost花錢(qián)Sbspend+時(shí)間/錢(qián)+(in)doingsth/onsth;Sbpayfor付錢(qián)11.talkaboutsthwith/tosb

saysthtosbsay“jiaozi”inEnglishspeaktosbspeakEnglish

tellsbsth/tellsthtosbtellsb(not)todosthtellajoke/story/lietellthetruth12.lookatsth

seeadoctor/afilm

watchTV/amovie/match/game/showreadbooks/magazines/newspapers14.bringsthto…(常跟here,come連用)

takesthto…(常跟there,go,away連用)fetchsth=goandbringsth去取，去拿

15.Weshouldweartheschooluniformsatschool.

It’sverycoldoutside.Putonyourcoatbeforeyouleave.Heistooyoungtodresshimself.16.Whereismypen?Ican’tfindit.

Whatareyoulookingfor,Kate?

Thewindowisbroken.Ishouldfindoutwhodidit.

17.gettothecinema=arriveatthecinema=reachthecinemaarriveinChina/Shanghai

get/arrive/reachhome/there/hereWhenshearrives,Iwilltellyou.

18.ahardquestionahardstoneworkhardrainhardItwasrainingsohardthatpeoplecouldhardlygoout.

19.wouldratherdothando=prefertodoratherthando=preferdoingtodoing20.lookatlookafterlookaroundlookforlookup

lookforwardtolookoutlookoverlookthroughlooklike21.takeawaytakeofftakeouttakeafter

Takeaseattakeawalktakecareoftakeplacetakepartintaketurns22.putoutputawayputupputdown

23.cleanupcheerupsetupcomeupwith=thinkupfixupputupcallupeatupgetupgiveupstayupcatchupwithendupgrowuphurryup

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